铅、锌矿如何进口？铅锌精矿、铅锌混合矿进口清关该怎么办？

铅锌矿进口｜铅精矿、锌精矿、铅锌混合矿进口清关（广州黄埔/南沙、深圳盐田/蛇口，含空运/快递矿样）

服务方：广州埔江国际 Guangzhou Pujiang International

HS编码区分铅矿砂及铅精矿：2607000000；锌矿砂及锌精矿：2608000000；铅锌混合精矿归入对应编码，不可随意混报监管条件：7（自动进口许可证O证）+A（入境法检），所有商用铅锌精矿必须O证，无O证不能报关税率：惠国关税0%；进口增值税13%；RCEP产地证可享受协定零关税优惠

中文版本

一、发货前前置准备（海外装船/装机前完成）

1. 国内企业资质

1）进出口经营权、海关注册备案（10位海关编码）2）自动进口许可证（O证，商务部申领，电子证，非一批一证，5–7工作日），铅精矿、锌精矿、铅锌混合精矿均强制申领；矿样少量货值5000元以内可申请O证豁免额度；商用大批量必须持证。

无进出口权企业可采用双抬头代理进口，埔江可协助代办O证。

2. 必备单证清单

基础商业文件外贸合同、商业发票（必须标注干基品位、水分、计价系数、点价条款，铅锌矿普遍LME点价贸易）、装箱单、海运提单/空运AWB、原产地证（RCEPFORM-E）

检验检疫技术文件（海外CNAS实验室提前检测）

1. 成分分析报告：Pb、Zn主品位，砷As、汞Hg、镉Cd、Tl、氟F、氯Cl有害杂质

   参考限值（GB/T20424）：混合铅锌精矿As≤0.45%、Cd≤0.40%、Hg≤0.05%、Tl≤0.02%，超标会被重点布控

2. 放射性检测报告（GB20664）：γ剂量率≤0.4μSv/h，U/Th/Ra核素活度限值，非洲/南美铅锌矿伴生放射性风险偏高

3. 水分检测报告（湿重/干基，审价、固废判定核心）

4. MSDS：精矿粉末属于9类危险品UN3077，粉末矿海运/空运需配套危包证

监管文件自动进口许可证O证、报关委托书、报检委托书、情况说明；矿样需注明“实验室化验样品，不作销售”。

3. 固废判定红线（一票否决）

铅精矿Pb＜20%、锌精矿Zn＜30%、铅锌混合精矿Pb+Zn合计＜30%，海关启动固体废物属性鉴别，判定尾矿直接退运，产生巨额滞港、堆存费。

海关政策：铅锌矿采用先放后检模式，现场放射性、外观筛查合格即可先行提货；但后续实验室检测不合格，海关有权召回、处置或退运。

二、海运（广州/深圳港口）完整清关流程

1. 海外备货、取样检测，装船海运海外完成预检测，确认品位、放射性、有害元素达标再装船；埔江在船舶到港前3–5天预审全套单证，单一窗口预录入，录入O证号、品位、点价协议。

2. 船舶到港，换单凭正本/电放提单向船公司换D/O提货单，支付换单费、DOC费。

3. 入境法检申报（A证）+门式放射性筛查码头通道放射性扫描，外观排查泥土、生活垃圾、外来夹杂物；初筛异常直接隔离取样，启动固废鉴别。

4. 单一窗口报关申报（0110一般贸易）申报HS编码、O证号、干基计价信息；铅锌矿审价非常严格，LME点价合同、点价确认单、付汇资料必须齐全，低报货值触发估价、稽查。

5. 税费缴纳关税0%，进口增值税13%，CIF作为计税基础；AEO企业可使用汇总征税、关税保证保险。

6. 海关查验+抽样化验H986机检，随机人工开箱，多点分层取样；企业不主动申请品质证书，海关可不做实验室品质检测，但放射性、固废排查必做（海关总署2023年108号公告）。

7. 检验检疫合格，出具《入境货物检验检疫证明》拿到证书后方可入厂冶炼、销售。

8. 码头提柜/散货卸货，内陆拖车配送埔江安排提货、堆场堆存，密闭拖车运至冶炼厂，可配套保税仓储暂缓缴税。

三、空运/国际快递（白云CAN、宝安SZX机场）铅锌矿/矿样清关

机场口岸放射性筛查比海港更敏感；粉末精矿航空承运限制极高，优先块状样品。

1. 空运普货（吨级商用铅锌精矿，0110一般贸易）流程与海运逻辑一致，航班落地后货站换单、放射性门式筛查、单一窗口申报、缴税、查验、放行；机场仓租昂贵，免费堆存期短，需快速清关。

2. 国际快递（DHL/FedEx矿样）

普通铅锌小样≤50kg，货值≤5000元：KJ3快件简易申报，可豁免O证；仅用于化验，不能抵扣进项税，不可销售

商用批量、货值超标：必须转0110一般贸易，提供全套O证+检测报告，正式报关。

注意：铅锌矿不属于战略稀有矿，但大批量商用货不能拆分多包裹走KJ3规避许可证，会触发海关稽查处罚。

四、广州/深圳口岸清关费用参考（不含国际海/空运费，2026市场参考）

费用项目广州（南沙/黄埔）深圳（盐田/蛇口）备注海运报关代理费800–1500元/票800–1200元/票埔江，单证预审、申报、查验陪同、审价应对空运普货报关代理费1100–1800元/票1200–1900元/票吨级矿空运，含危品资料审核快递KJ3矿样代理400–700元/票450–750元/票化验小样，无进项税票换单费（海运/空运抽单）300–600元/票300–500元/票船公司/航司收取THC码头操作费按柜型/散货吨价按柜型/散货吨价散货另计码头装卸费放射性+成分检测费1500–4000元/批1500–4000元/批CNAS实验室，固废鉴别单独计费海关查验费800–4000元/次800–4000元/次抽中查验才收取，掏箱、吊装、取样港口堆存费0.6–1.5元/吨/天0.6–1.5元/吨/天短期免费堆存，超期柜租另计机场仓储费80元/m³/天65元/m³/天免费期短，滞仓成本高珠三角内陆拖车费900–1600元/柜800–1500元/柜散货陆运按吨计价

O证办理：商务部官方免费，代理服务费另计，周期5–7工作日。

五、核心风险红线

1. 无证进口：商用铅锌精矿缺少O证，直接扣货、行政处罚。

2. 固废鉴别：主金属品位不足，大量泥土废石，判定固废直接退运，产生巨额滞港成本。

3. 放射性超标γ>0.4μSv/h，一票否决，整批退运。

4. 审价风险：LME点价资料不全、低报货值，海关估价补税，严重移交缉私。

5. 粉末矿包装：精矿粉为9类危险品，包装破损漏粉，码头/航司拒绝卸货、拒载。

6. 申报时限：运输工具进境起14日内申报，超期产生滞报金。

English Version

Import & Customs Clearance for Lead Ore, Zinc Ore, Lead-ZincBulk Ore & Concentrate

Service Provider: Guangzhou PujiangInternational

HS Code: Lead ore & concentrate: 2607000000;Zinc ore & concentrate: 2608000000. Mixedlead-zinc concentrate must be declared under corresponding HS code,mixed declaration of different commodities isprohibited. Control conditions: 7 (AutomaticImport License O-License) + A (Mandatory EntryInspection). O-License is mandatory for allcommercial lead/zinc concentrate shipments, cargo cannot be clearedwithout O-License.Tariff: MFN duty 0%; Import VAT13%. RCEP Certificate of Origin for preferentialzero tariff.

1. Pre-shipment Preparation

1.1ualification

1. Import & export right, customs registration (10-digit customscode).

2. Automatic Import License (O-License, MOFCOM, electronic,non-one-batch-one-cert, 5–7 working days). Mandatory forlead, zinc and mixed lead-zinc concentrate. Small low-value labsamples may apply for O-license exemption. Commercial bulkshipments must hold valid license.

   Importers without import/export right can use dual-title importagency; Pujiang can assist O-license application.

1.2 Mandatory Document List

Commercial DocumentsSales Contract, CommercialInvoice (state dry grade, moisture, pricing coefficient, LMEformula pricing clause), Packing List, Ocean B/L / Air Waybill,Certificate of Origin (RCEP FORM-E).

Inspection & Technical Documents (CNAS lab test beforeshipment)

1. Assay report: Pb, Zn main grade, As/Hg/Cd/Tl/F/Cl hazardousimpurities

   Reference limit (GB/T20424): Mixed lead-zinc concentrateAs≤0.45%, Cd≤0.40%, Hg≤0.05%, Tl≤0.02%. Excess impurities triggerheavy customs control.

2. Radioactivity test report (GB20664): Gamma dose rate ≤0.4μSv/h,U/Th/Ra nuclide limit. Lead-zinc ore from Africa/South America hashigher associated radioactivity risk.

3. Moisture test report (wet/dry base, critical for valuation &solid waste identification)

4. MSDS: Concentrate powder belongs to Class9 UN3077 dangerousgoods, dangerous goods packaging certificate required for sea/airshipment.

Regulatory DocumentsO-License, Customs POA,Inspection POA, statement letter. For samples, state “forlaboratory test only, not for sale”.

1.3 Solid Waste Threshold (Non-negotiable)

Lead concentrate Pb＜20%, zinc concentrate Zn＜30%, mixedlead-zinc concentrate Pb+Zn＜30% → customs will launch solid wasteidentification. Once confirmed as tailings, forced return withheavy detention cost.

Customs policy: Lead & zinc ore adopts release beforelab test. Cargo can be released after passing on-siteradioactivity & visual screening. If final lab test fails, customsmay order recall, disposal or return.

2. Sea Freight Clearance Process (Guangzhou / ShenzhenPorts)

1. Overseas sampling & pre-testing before loading. Pujiangpre-audits documents 3–5 days before vessel arrival, pre-submitdata on Single Window, fill O-license number, grade & LME pricingdocuments.

2. Vessel arrival & document exchange: Exchange Delivery Order(D/O) from shipping line against original or telex B/L, paydocument fee.

3. Statutory inspection (A certificate) + portal radioactivityscanning. Visual check for soil, garbage and foreign debris. Failedinitial screening → isolation & sampling for solid wasteappraisal.

4. Customs declaration via Single Window (0110 General Trade).Declare HS code, O-license number and dry-base pricing.Customs valuation is strict for LME formula pricing.Complete pricing documents are mandatory. Under-declared valuetriggers re-valuation and anti-smuggling audit.

5. Tax payment: Customs duty 0%, import VAT 13%, tax base = CIFvalue. AEO enterprise can apply aggregate tax payment or customsduty insurance.

6. Customs inspection & sampling: H986 X-ray scan, random manualunpacking, multi-point sampling. Per GACC Announcement 2023 No.108,lab test is optional unless certificate isre; radioactivity & solid waste screening is mandatory.

7. Issue Entry Inspection & Certificate after passingtest, required for smelting & domestic sale.

8. Container pickup / bulk discharge & inland trucking. Pujiangarranges terminal handling, sealed trucking to smelter, bondedwarehouse available for deferred tax.

3. Air / Express Import (Baiyun / Bao’an Airport) for Lead-ZincOre & Samples

Airport radioactivity screening is stricter than seaports.Powder concentrate faces strict airline restrictions; block samplesare preferred.

1. Air cargo (commercial bulk ore, 0110 General Trade) Sameworkflow as sea import. After flight arrival, document exchange,portal radioactivity scan, Single Window declaration, tax payment,inspection & release. Airport storage cost is high with short freestorage period, fast clearance recommended.

2. International Express (DHL/FedEx lab samples)

Small lead-zinc sample ≤50kg & value ≤CNY5,000: KJ3 simplifiedexpress declaration, O-license exemption. Only for lab test,no deductible VAT invoice, resale prohibited.

Commercial bulk or over value limit: switch to 0110 generaltrade, full O-license & test reports required.

Important note: Lead-zinc ore is not classified as strategicrare ore. But splitting shipments into multiple parcels tobypass O-license re for commercial cargo will triggercustoms audit and penalty.

4. Reference Clearance Cost (Guangzhou & Shenzhen, excludeocean/air freight, 2026 market)

ItemGuangzhou (Nansha/Huangpu)Shenzhen(Yantian/Shekou)RemarksSea Cargo Brokerage FeeCNY800–1500 per shipmentCNY800–1200 per shipmentPujiang service: document review, declaration, inspection &valuation negotiationAir Cargo General Trade Brokerage FeeCNY1100–1800 per shipmentCNY1200–1900 per shipmentFor bulk ore by air, including dangerous goods documentreviewKJ3 Express Sample ServiceCNY400–700 per shipmentCNY450–750 per shipmentOnly for lab samples, no deductible VAT invoiceDocument Exchange Fee (Sea/Air)CNY300–600 per shipmentCNY300–500 per shipmentCharged by carrier/airlineTHC Terminal Handling ChargePer container / per MT bulkPer container / per MT bulkBulk cargo separate handling feeRadioactivity & Assay Test FeeCNY1500–4000 per batchCNY1500–4000 per batchCNAS lab, solid waste identification charged separatelyCustoms Inspection Service FeeCNY800–4000 per inspectionCNY800–4000 per inspectionOnly when inspected, unstuffing, lifting & samplingincludedPort Storage FeeCNY0.6–1.5 per MT per dayCNY0.6–1.5 per MT per dayShort free storage period, overtime surcharge separateAirport Storage FeeCNY80 per m³ per dayCNY65 per m³ per dayHigh detention cost once over free periodInland Trucking (Pearl River Delta)CNY900–1600 per containerCNY800–1500 per containerBulk cargo charged by tonnage

O-license application: MOFCOM official fee zero, agency servicefee separate, lead time 5–7 working days.

5. Key Risk Reminders

1. Import without permit: Commercial lead/zincconcentrate without valid O-License will be detained andpenalized.

2. Solid waste identification: Low metal gradewith excessive rock/soil will be identified as solid waste andforced to return, resulting in heavy detention cost.

3. Radioactivity non-compliance: Gamma doserate＞0.4μSv/h → cargo rejected and returned.

4. Valuation risk: Incomplete LME pricingdocuments or under-declared value leads to customs re-valuation,tax supplement and anti-smuggling investigation.

5. Powder packaging: Concentrate powder is Class9dangerous goods. Leakage or damaged packaging will be rejected byterminal or airline.

6. Declaration deadline: File customs declarationwithin 14 days after transport arrival, latedeclaration surcharge applies.

这个业务涉及O证申领、干基点价审价、固废和放射性筛查等多个关键点，工作任务模式能帮你做矿样单证核对、成本测算与风险清单梳理，要不要用它处理？