空运和快递进口的矿石如何报关？广州深圳机场进口矿石清关公司？

空运&国际快递进口矿石报关｜广州白云CAN / 深圳宝安SZX机场清关

服务方：广州埔江国际 Guangzhou Pujiang International

核心区分两条通道： ✈️空运普货（航空货站，MAWB主运单）：批量矿石、精矿、商用货，走0110一般贸易正式报关；适用几十kg至数吨。国际快递（DHL/FedEx/UPS，快件监管中心）：分两类

KJ3快件简易申报：少量化验矿样，普通有色矿货值5000元以内可豁免O证；钨、钽铌、稀土、铍等战略稀有矿，无论重量大小禁止KJ3通道，必须正式报关

D类快件/3010货样广告品 /0110一般贸易：商用、高价值、管制稀有矿，全套单证+许可证

机场口岸监管特点：放射性筛查为第一道必检，比海运港口更敏感；粉末矿航空运输限制严格，漏粉直接扣货；机场仓租单价远高于海港，滞港成本上升极快

中文版本

一、发货前前置准备（空运/快递都必须提前完成）

1. 企业资质

1）一般贸易空运：国内收货人进出口权、海关注册编码； 2）快递KJ3简易通道：无需进出口权，但矿样，不能用于销售；3）许可证要求（和海运一致）

铜/铅/锌/镍/锰/铬矿：自动进口许可证O证；普通矿样小额可豁免O证（有额度限制）

钨、锑、稀土矿：进口配额许可证

锂矿、铍矿：两用物项进出口许可证

钽铌、锆矿、独居石等高放射性风险矿，海外务必提前放射性预检，超标不可空运。

2. 必备单证清单

基础商业文件外贸合同、商业发票（注明干基品位、水分、计价系数）、装箱单、空运运单AWB（快递为分运单HAWB）、原产地证（RCEP享优惠关税）

检验检疫技术文件

1. CNAS成分检测报告（主金属、砷/汞/镉/铅/氟氯有害杂质）

2. 放射性检测报告γ剂量率、U/Th活度（GB20664，机场必查）

3. 水分检测报告（区分湿重/干基，海关审价、固废判定）

4. MSDS（粉末精矿属于9类危险品UN3077，航空危包证明，粉末矿航空承运限制极高）

监管文件O证/进口许可证/两用物项证、报关委托书、情况说明；矿样需写明“实验室化验样品，不作销售”。

3. 包装与航空运输硬性要求

块状矿：双层密封防潮包装，防粉尘泄漏

矿粉/精矿：航空危包+防渗漏，粉末极易被航司拒载；空运尽量优先块状小样

高放射性矿：单独隔离包装，提前报备机场海关与生态环境部门，不达标直接拒收。

二、广州白云、深圳宝安机场完整清关流程

通道A｜空运普货（机场货站，0110一般贸易，批量矿石）

1. 海外起运，到货前预审航班起飞后，埔江国际提前拿到运单，预审全套资料，单一窗口预录入，录入HS编码、许可证号、品位、点价资料；机场申报时限：航空器进境起14日内申报，超期产生滞报金。

2. 航班落地，货站到货通知，换单凭MAWB主运单向航司/货代换D/O提货单，支付换单费、航空货站操作费。

3. 入境检验检疫（A证，机场门式放射性筛查）货物在机场监管区过机+放射性扫描；

初筛异常：直接布控隔离，取样做放射性复测、固废鉴别；

初筛合格：符合条件可执行先放后检，先行提货，后续实验室终检；若终检不合格，海关有权召回、退运。

1. 单一窗口正式报关申报申报0110一般贸易，海关审单、审价；矿石审价严格，点价合同、LME/SMM计价资料必须完整，低报货值会触发估价、稽查。

2. 缴纳税费多数矿石惠国关税0%；进口增值税13%；黄金矿砂符合条件免征增值税。计税基数=CIF到岸价。

3. 海关现场查验+取样X光机H986扫描，人工开箱，多点取样送实验室检测品位、杂质；机场查验场地空间有限，粉末矿查验防护要求高。

4. 检验检疫合格，出具《入境货物检验检疫证明》拿到证书后方可用于冶炼、销售。

5. 机场货站提货，内陆拖车配送埔江安排提货、短途陆运至工厂/仓库；机场仓租昂贵，尽量快速清关提货。

通道B｜国际快递 DHL/FedEx（快件监管中心，矿样为主）

1. 海外快递发货，快件舱单提前传输至海关快件系统

2. 快件到达广州白云/深圳宝安快件监管中心，快件公司到货通知

3. 埔江预审资料，判定申报模式：

4. 普通矿小样≤50kg、货值≤5000元：KJ3简易快件申报（普通金属矿，稀有战略矿不适用）

5. 商用货、稀有矿、货值超限：转一般贸易0110 /3010货样广告品，提交全套许可证+检测报告

6. 快件放射性扫描+X光机查验；高风险直接开箱取样

7. 审价、缴税（KJ3一般无增值税票，不能抵扣；一般贸易可取得增值税专用缴款书抵扣）

8. 放行，快件派送/自提，内陆配送

三、广州/深圳机场矿石空运&快递清关费用参考（2026市场参考，不含国际空运费）

费用项目广州白云机场深圳宝安机场备注空运普货报关代理费1100–1800元/票1200–1900元/票埔江，单证预审、申报、查验陪同、审价应对；管制稀有矿上浮快递KJ3矿样代理400–700元/票450–750元/票普通矿小样，无进项税票快递转正式报关600–1200元/票700–1300元/票商用/稀有矿快件空运换单费/快递抽单费300–600元/票300–800元/票航司/快件公司收取机场仓储费80元/m³/天65元/m³/天免费堆存期短（白云3–5天，宝安2–3天），超期费用高放射性+成分检测费1800–4500元/批1800–4500元/批CNAS实验室，按检测项目；固废鉴别另收费海关查验费600–1100元/次600–1100元/次抽中查验才收取，含开箱、防尘防护、取样人工叉车装卸费300–500元/票300–500元/票机场货站操作粉末矿航空危货附加费400–800元/票400–800元/票仅矿粉精矿

许可证代办：O证官方免费，代理服务费另计；两用物项证办理周期更长，费用更高。

四、机场空运/快递矿石重点风险红线

1. 放射性一票否决：钽铌、锆英砂、独居石在机场口岸筛查极严，超标直接退运，无整改机会。

2. 快递通道严禁拆分包裹规避管制：钨、钽铌、稀土等战略稀有矿，不能拆多件走KJ3，会触发稽查处罚。

3. 固废鉴别风险：品位过低、大量泥土废石，海关启动固废属性鉴别，判定固废直接退运。

4. 粉末矿航空承运难：矿粉极易漏粉污染，航司经常拒载；优先块状样品。

5. 机场仓租成本高：免费堆存期短，一旦布控查验，滞仓费快速累积。

6. KJ3限制：KJ3属于快件样品通道，不能抵扣进项税，不可用于国内销售；商用货物必须走一般贸易0110。

English Version

Air & Express Import Customs Clearance for Ores at GuangzhouBaiyun / Shenzhen Bao’an Airport

Service Provider: Guangzhou PujiangInternational

Two main import channels: ✈️ Air Cargo (Air CargoTerminal, MAWB): Bulk commercial ores & concentrates,declared under 0110 General Trade. Suitable fortens of kg up to several tons. International Express(DHL/FedEx/UPS, Express Supervision Center): Two modes

KJ3 Simplified Express Declaration: Only for small lab oresamples. Automatic Import License may be exempted for ordinary oresunder CNY5,000 value. Tungsten, Ta/Nb, rare earth,beryllium and other strategic rare metals CANNOT use KJ3 channel,formal declaration is mandatory regardless of weight.

D-class Express / 3010 Sample & Advertising Goods / 0110 GeneralTrade: For commercial shipment, high-value or controlled rare ores,full documents & permits required.

Airport supervision feature: Radioactivity screening isthe first mandatory inspection, stricter than seaports. Powderconcentrates face strict airline carriage restrictions, any dustleakage will result in cargo detention. Airport storage cost ismuch higher than seaports, detention charges accumulaterapidly.

1. Pre-shipment Preparation (Mandatory for both air &express)

1.1ualification

1. Air general trade: Importer needs import & export right andcustoms registration.

2. KJ3 express channel: Import & export right not required, onlyfor lab samples, not for resale.

3. Permit re (same as sea import):

Cu/Pb/Zn/Ni/Mn/Cr ore: Automatic Import License (O-License).Small low-value samples may be exempted.

Tungsten, Antimony, Rare Earth: import license

Lithium & Beryllium ore: Dual-use item import permit

High radioactive ores (Ta/Nb, Zr, monazite) must completepre-radioactivity test overseas before air shipment.

1.2 Mandatory Document List

Commercial DocumentsSales Contract, CommercialInvoice (state dry grade, moisture, pricing coefficient), PackingList, Air Waybill (HAWB for express), Certificate of Origin (RCEPfor preferential tariff).

Inspection & Technical Documents

1. CNAS assay report (main metal content, As/Hg/Cd/Pb/F/Clhazardous impurities)

2. Radioactivity test report (gamma dose rate, U/Th activity,GB20664, mandatory at airport)

3. Moisture test report (wet/dry base, critical for customsvaluation & solid waste judgement)

4. MSDS (powder concentrate is Class9 UN3077 dangerous goods,dangerous goods packaging certificate required; powder ore hasstrict airline restrictions)

Regulatory DocumentsO-License / Import License/ Dual-use permit, Customs POA, statement letter. For samples,state “for laboratory test only, not for sale”.

1.3 Packaging & Air Transport Re

Lump ore: Double sealed moisture-proof packaging to prevent dustleakage.

Powder concentrate: Dangerous goods packaging &leak-proof design. Airlines often reject powder cargo;block samples are preferred for air shipment.

High radioactive ore: Isolated packaging, pre-notify airportcustoms & MEE. Non-compliant cargo will be rejected.

2. Full Clearance Process at Guangzhou Baiyun & Shenzhen Bao’anAirport

Channel A: Air Cargo Terminal (0110 General Trade, bulkore)

1. Overseas departure & pre-document review After flight departure,Pujiang obtains AWB and pre-audits documents, pre-submit data onSingle Window, fill HS code, license number, grade & pricingdocuments. Declaration deadline: within 14 days afteraircraft entry, late declaration surcharge applies.

2. Flight arrival, arrival notice & document exchange ExchangeDelivery Order (D/O) from airline/forwarder against MAWB, paydocument exchange & terminal handling fee.

3. Statutory Inspection (A certificate) + portal radioactivityscreening Cargo goes through X-ray & radioactivity scanning atairport supervised area.

Fail initial screening: Detained in isolation area, sampled forradioactivity re-test & solid waste identification.

Pass initial screening: Eligible cargo can apply releasebefore lab test, cargo can be picked up first. If finallab test fails, customs may order recall or return.

1. Formal customs declaration via Single Window Declare under 0110general trade, customs document review & valuation. Pricingdocuments for LME/SMM formula pricing must be complete;under-declared value triggers re-valuation and audit.

2. Tax Payment Most ores enjoy 0% MFN duty; import VAT 13%. gold ore can be VAT exempted. Tax base = CIF value.

3. Customs physical inspection & sampling H986 X-ray scan, manualunpacking, multi-point sampling for grade & impurity test. Dustprotection is required for powder ore inspection.

4. Issue Inspection & Certificate after passing testCertificate required before smelting or domestic sale.

5. Cargo pickup & inland trucking Pujiang arranges pickup anddelivery to factory or warehouse. Airport storage is costly, fastclearance is recommended.

Channel B: DHL/FedEx International Express (Express SupervisionCenter, mainly for samples)

1. Overseas express shipment, manifest transmitted to customsexpress system in advance

2. Cargo arrives at Guangzhou/Shenzhen express supervision center,express company sends arrival notice

3. Pujiang pre-check documents and select declaration mode:

4. Ordinary ore sample ≤50kg & value ≤CNY5,000: KJ3 simplifiedexpress declaration (only for ordinary metal ore, NOT forstrategic rare ore)

5. Commercial cargo, rare ore or over value limit: switch to 0110general trade /3010 sample declaration, submit full permits & testreports

6. Radioactivity scan + X-ray inspection; high-risk cargo will beunpacked and sampled

7. Customs valuation & tax payment. KJ3 normally cannot issue VATinvoice for deduction; general trade can obtain VAT paymentcertificate for input tax deduction.

8. Customs release, delivery or self-pickup, inlandtransportation.

3. Reference Clearance Cost (Guangzhou & Shenzhen Airport,exclude air freight, 2026 market)

ItemGuangzhou BaiyunShenzhen Bao’anRemarksAir Cargo General Trade Brokerage FeeCNY1100–1800 per shipmentCNY1200–1900 per shipmentPujiang service: document review, declaration, inspectionsupport & valuation negotiation; higher for controlled rareoreKJ3 Express Sample ServiceCNY400–700 per shipmentCNY450–750 per shipmentOnly for ordinary ore samples, no deductible VAT invoiceExpress Switch to Formal DeclarationCNY600–1200 per shipmentCNY700–1300 per shipmentFor commercial / rare ore expressAir Document Exchange / Express Document Retrieval FeeCNY300–600 per shipmentCNY300–800 per shipmentCharged by airline / express carrierAirport Storage FeeCNY80 per m³ per dayCNY65 per m³ per dayShort free storage period: Baiyun 3–5 days, Bao’an 2–3 days;overtime charge highRadioactivity & Assay Test FeeCNY1800–4500 per batchCNY1800–4500 per batchCNAS lab, varies by test items; solid waste identificationcharged separatelyCustoms Inspection Service FeeCNY600–1100 per inspectionCNY600–1100 per inspectionOnly when inspected, including unpacking, dust protection &sampling labourForklift Handling FeeCNY300–500 per shipmentCNY300–500 per shipmentAirport terminal operationDangerous Goods Surcharge for Powder OreCNY400–800 per shipmentCNY400–800 per shipmentOnly for concentrate powder

Permit application: MOFCOM O license has no official fee, agencyservice fee separate; dual-use permit has longer lead time andhigher cost.

4. Key Risk Reminders for Airport Air & Express Ore Import

1. Radioactivity zero tolerance: Ta/Nb, zircon,monazite are strictly screened at airport. Over-limit cargo will bereturned directly without remedy.

2. No parcel splitting to bypass control:Strategic ores such as tungsten, Ta/Nb, rare earth cannot be splitinto multiple packages to use KJ3, which will trigger customs auditand penalty.

3. Solid waste identification risk: Low grade withexcessive rock/soil may trigger solid waste appraisal and forcedreturn.

4. Difficult air carriage for powder: Dust leakagerisk leads to airline rejection; block samples are preferred.

5. High airport storage cost: Short free storageperiod, detention cost accumulates rapidly once underinspection.

6. KJ3 limitation: KJ3 is sample express channel,no input VAT deduction and not allowed for domesticsales. Commercial cargo must use 0110 general trade.

这个业务涉及空运危包、快件通道选择、机场放射筛查、样品/商用货区分等多个专业细节，工作任务模式可以帮你做单证清单核对、方案选型和成本测算，要不要用它处理？